Certified Application Security Engineer (CASE) Interview Questions

The Certified Application Security Engineer (CASE) certification was created in collaboration with significant application and software development specialists around the world. The CASE credential assesses critical security skills and knowledge needed throughout a normal software development life cycle (SDLC), with a particular emphasis on the importance of implementing safe approaches and practises in today’s unsecure operating environment.

Target Audience 

• Individuals who wish to become application security engineers/analysts/testers and.NET Developers with at least 2 years of experience
• People who work on building, testing, managing, or defending a wide range of applications.

1.) What is Cross-Site Request Forgery, and how does it work in CASE?

Cross-site request forgery is a web security flaw that allows an attacker to trick people into doing something they didn’t want to do. It allows an attacker to partially bypass the same origin policy, which is intended to keep websites from interacting with one another.

2.) Is it necessary to monitor DNS in CASE ?

DNS plays a crucial part in how a company’s end users connect to the internet. The DNS logs keep track of every connection the devices make to a domain. Examining DNS traffic between a client and a local device’s recursive resolver can reveal a lot of useful information.

3.) What is XSS and how will you protect yourself from it in CASE ?

XSS stands for cross-site scripting. By embedding malicious code in a genuine web page or web application, the attacker hopes to install harmful scripts in the target’s web browser. Companies should sanitise their input to limit the risk of XSS. Data received as input should not be sent straight to the browser without first being checked for harmful code by the application code.

4.) What is an intrusion prevention system (IPS) and how does it differ from an intrusion detection system (IDS)?

Intrusion detection system (IDS) stands for intrusion detection system. It will detect the intrusion and pass the rest of the responsibility to the administrator. An intrusion prevention system, or IPS, is a system that detects and prevents intrusions. It will detect the intrusion and take appropriate measures to prevent it. Furthermore, false positives for IDS will only result in notifications, whereas false positives for IPS may result in the loss of critical data or functionality.

5.) What’s the distinction between asymmetric and symmetric encryption?

Symmetric encryption and decryption utilise the same key, whereas Asymmetric encryption and decryption use distinct keys. Although symmetric is usually faster, the key must be sent over an unencrypted channel.

6.) What’s the difference between hashing and encryption in CASE ?

Hashing is irreversible, but encryption is reversible. Rainbow tables and collision attacks can be used to crack hashing, however it is not reversible. Hashing maintains integrity while encryption ensures confidentiality.

7.) What is a Botnet, exactly?

A botnet is a collection of linked computers or Internet of Things devices that work together to complete a goal. It can keep a chatroom running or take over your machine. Botnets can be used to steal data, send spam, and launch a distributed denial-of-service attack.

8.) Explain SSL (Secure Socket Layer) Encryption in CASE .

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a security protocol that establishes encrypted communications between a Web server and a browser. This is used to protect information in online transactions and maintain data privacy.

9.) What are the OSI model’s many layers?

A reference model for different systems to communicate via a network is the OSI model. An OSI reference’s purpose is to provide direction to manufacturers and developers so that digital communication equipment and software applications can work together. Physical Layer, Data Link Layer, Network Layer, Transport Layer, Session Layer, Presentation Layer, and Application Layer are the seven layers of the OSI model.

10.) What is WEP cracking and what are the different variants of WEP in CASE ?

• WEP cracking is a type of security protocol that gives a wireless LAN more security and privacy.
• Cracking can be divided into two types. Cracking, both active and passive.

11.) What is an information security analyst’s job description?

The following are some of the most significant responsibilities of a security analyst:

1. Take security precautions to safeguard computer systems, data, and networks.

2. up-to-date on the latest hacking and intelligence techniques
3. Ensure that data is not lost and that service is not disrupted.
4. Perform risk evaluations and test the data processing system.
5. Set up various security software, such as firewalls, data encryption, and other safeguards.
6. Make recommendations for security upgrades and purchases
7. Prepare, test, and put in place network disaster plans
8. Information and network security protocols training for employees

12.) What is data leaking, and what causes it?

Data leakage is defined as the separation or escape of IP from its intended storage location. Data leakage is caused by a variety of circumstances, including:

1. Copy the IP address to a less secure system or their own machine
2. Mistakes made by individuals
3. Mistakes in technology
4. Misconfiguration of the system
5. A hacker-caused system breach
6. A self-developed programme with a public interface.
7. Inadequate security control over shared files or drives
8. Corrupt hard-drive
9. Backups are kept in a vulnerable location.

13.) What is the difference between risk, vulnerability, and threat in CASE ?

A vulnerability is a weakness in a system’s defences. When an adversary takes advantage of a weakness, it is called a threat. Risk refers to the amount of money that could be lost if a threat exploits a vulnerability, such as a security flaw. A server’s default username and password – An attacker can easily break into and exploit this server.

14.) What is the definition of a security misconfiguration in CASE ?

When a device/network is set in a way that can be abused by an attacker, it is called a security misconfiguration vulnerability. These risks arise as a result of incorrect default setup, poorly documented settings, and optional configuration side effects.

15.) Explain what Forward Secrecy is and how it works.

Perfect forward secrecy is another name for forward secrecy. It is a means of ensuring that all online transactions are secure and safe. This strategy prevents a hacker from gaining access to data transferred over the internet. This strategy ensures the company’s and the user’s safety and security.

16.) What is Active Reconnaissance, and how does it work in CASE ?

• Active reconnaissance is a type of computer attack in which an intruder interacts with the target system in order to gather information about vulnerabilities.
• Port scanning is commonly used by attackers to detect vulnerable ports, after which they exploit the vulnerabilities of services linked with open ports.

17.) What is a man-in-the-middle attack, and how does it work?

When a third party surreptitiously intercepts or redirects communications between two parties who are interacting with one another, it is called an MITM attack. The attacker can either inject their own data packets into the chat or listen in and steal data without the two parties being aware of the security violation. This happens most frequently on wireless networks, where an attacker can mimic one or both of the connection’s endpoints.

18.) What is the difference between encoding, encryption, and hashing in CASE ?

• Encoding ensures that data is formatted correctly so that it may be interpreted properly by programmes and recipients. Consider it as data being changed into a scheme that can be simply read, allowing for communication.
• Encryption makes data illegible to everyone except those who have access to the secret key used to decrypt it. It’s used for securing data over private connections because it’s secret and secure.
• Hashing is a way for ensuring that data integrity is preserved. A data hash is a string of data generated in response to the information being saved. If the hashes match, you may verify that the data has not changed by generating a hash and comparing it to the original after transmission. If they don’t match, the information is no longer accurate and should not be relied upon.

19.) When would you utilise ARP and what is it?

When data packets meant for a certain host arrive at a network’s router or gateway, the Address Resolution Protocol is used. The gateway converts the MAC address linked with the IP address it seeks, then lengthens the packet to allow data transmission. After then, the communications can begin.

20.) What methods are there for preventing a brute-force login attack in CASE ?

You must verify that password best practises are in place and properly followed in order to avoid a brute-force attack. The simplest method to achieve this is to enforce policies on a system level, which means that even if a user tries to get around these safeguards by using a weak password, they will be denied.

21.) What is Intrusion Detection and How Does It Work?

Intrusion detection is a system that assists in detecting and responding to potential threats. Intrusion detection entails gathering data from a variety of systems and sources, analysing the data, and identifying potential attack vectors on the system.

The following are checked during intrusion detection:

• Attacks that may occur
• Any unusual behaviour
• Data auditing in the system
• Analysis of various data sources, etc.

22.) What is “SQL Injection” and how does it work in CASE ?

• SQL Injection is a typical hacking technique used by hackers to get access to sensitive information.
• Hackers look for any system flaws via which they may run SQL queries, circumvent security checks, and retrieve sensitive data. SQL injection is the term for this.
• It can allow hackers to steal sensitive information or even cause a system to crash.
• SQL injections are extremely dangerous and must be avoided at all costs. This type of attack can be avoided with regular security testing. The security of a SQL database must be defined correctly, and input boxes and special characters must be handled correctly.

23.) What is the difference between an SSL connection and an SSL session in CASE ?

SSL, or Secured Socket Layer, is a peer-to-peer communications link that is connected with one SSL Session per connection.

A SSL session is a connection between a client and a server that is established using the handshake protocol. A collection of parameters has been specified, which can be shared by many SSL connections.

24.) What is “Penetration Testing” and how does it work?

Penetration testing is a type of security testing that identifies flaws in a system. A penetration test is an attempt to assess the security of a system using human or automated approaches, and if a weakness is discovered, testers exploit it to gain deeper access to the system and discover further vulnerabilities.

The primary goal of this testing is to protect a system from any potential threats. There are two types of penetration testing: White Box testing and Black Box testing.

All of the information is provided to the testers in white-box testing, whereas in black-box testing, the testers have no information and must test the system in real-world circumstances to uncover flaws.

25.) What are the various security testing methodologies in CASE ?

Security testing methodologies include:

• The testers are given all of the information in a white box.
• The testers are given no information and are able to test the system in a real-world scenario.
• Grey Box- Only a portion of the information is given to the testers, and the rest must be tested independently.

26.) What are the parameters that make up an SSL connection?

The following parameters define an SSL session connection:

• Server and client random
• Server write MACsecret
• Client write MACsecret
• Server write key
• Client write key
• Initialization vectors
• Sequence numbers

27.) What is the definition of file enumeration with respect to CASE ?

The URL manipulation attack is used with aggressive browsing in this type of assault. Hackers can modify the parameters in the URL string to obtain essential data that is normally not available to the public, such as completed data, older versions, or material that is still being developed.

28.) What are some of the advantages that an intrusion detection system can provide?

An intrusion detection system has three advantages.

• NIDS stands for Network Intrusion Detection System.
• NNIDS (Network Node Intrusion Detection System) is a network intrusion detection system.
• Host Intrusion Detection System (HIDS)

29.) What exactly is HIDS in CASE ?

The Host Intrusion Detection System (HIDS) is a system that takes a snapshot of the current system and compares it to the prior snapshot.

It checks to see if any vital files have been updated or deleted, and then sends an alert to the administrator.

30.) What are the most common types of SET participants?

The following are the people who took part:

• Acquirer
• Payment gateway
• Certification authority
• Cardholder
• Merchant
• Issuer